Thursday, July 7, 2011

House of Shelves

-Yahoo! Real Estate

The innovative 'Shelf-pod' house in Osaka, Japan can hold 10 tons of books.
Photo: Kazuya Morita Architecture Studio

Floor-to-ceiling, wall-to-wall shelving defines a compact, 557-square-foot home in Osaka prefecture, Japan, designed by Japanese Architect Kazuya Morita.

Designed for a young historian with an extensive book collection in Islamic history, Morita designed the house with interlocking laminated pine boards that slot together to form a lattice of towering shelving units.

Every element -- from the stairs to the windows -- were scaled to the individual shelf unit, "with the aim of achieving geometrical harmony which is comparable to Islamic architecture," Morita's website notes.

The shelving had to be strong enough to support the entire house. "This is an unusual structure. I never experienced this kind of architecture," said Morita, who declined to disclose the cost to build the house. Numerous tests and experiments were run on models to ensure the structural integrity and convince city planning officials to issue a building permit. The home's exterior features a painted clay and bamboo wall, with cedar exterior wall plate. The interior is finished with plaster.

Exterior of the shelf-pod house in Osaka.
Photo: Kazuya Morita Architecture Studio

"It can support 10 tons of books," said Morita, who opened his architecture studio in 2000. And, he added, "it can survive earthquakes."

The shelving even extends into the home's bathroom, covering a wall above the toilet and bathtub.

Construction of the shelving for the "Shelf-Pod" home began in mid-2006, and the home was completed in March 2007. Morita's website details the many stages of construction, including the preconstruction of the large shelving units, which were assembled and structurally tested in a massive laboratory at Kyoto University's Katsura Campus.

He commented in a blog post that the client "was not entirely (sure) how to use this," when he saw the design. Morita also commented that he was "rather pleasantly surprised," during a visit to the home in 2008, to see how the client had furnished the home and was using the space.

A good place for knick-knacks.
Photo: Kazuya Morita Architecture Studio

Considered part of a new generation of architects, the 39-year-old Morita has wowed interior design and architecture critics with the Shelf-Pod and some other innovative and unique housing designs, including the "Pentagonal House." He noted that the Shelf-Pod was one of his most ambitious and challenging projects.

For Morita, the Shelf-Pod embodies a movement toward smaller, greener houses, and the increasing need to build more compactly in crowded big cities and retrenching suburban communities. He describes his work as a harmonious marriage of traditional and modern architecture, which incorporates sustainable materials and eco-friendly amenities. His homes blend indoor and outdoor environments and demonstrate that comfortable living can come in small spaces.

"Japanese architecture always has to be smaller. We have to live more efficiently," he said in an interview from his office in Kyoto, Japan. "Many big cities have the same problems. They are sprawling and sprawling. It's a very international situation." His smaller home designs, he said, are "very useful in China, New York, London and other big cities."

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Wednesday, July 6, 2011

Banks Are Using Dodd-Frank to Fight Capital Requirements

-CNBC

Washington lobbyists have been hard at work marshaling opposition to any attempts to impose a capital surcharge on our nation's largest banks.

One of their most persuasive points seems to be that under the new Dodd-Frank regulatory regime banks are so tightly regulated that additional capital requirements are unnecessary.

"We don't need additional capital to prevent future bailouts. The government already has the orderly resolution authority to make sure that no one is too big to fail," one lobbyist told me.

In other words, banks are trying to use Dodd-Frank as a shield against the only plausibly effective shield against future bailouts.

I won't go into the case against resolution authority here. The FDIC says it will be effective. The banks agree. That's all you should need to know to throw the entire thing into doubt.

Unfortunately, the banks seem to have found gullible dupes among the Republicans, many of whom are all too eager to see new capital requirements as an attempt to over-regulate or interfere with market processes.

I know it is probably useless to try to teach politically-minded people anything. If they were open to persuasion they probably wouldn't be effective partisans to begin with. Ideological commitment, especially among the so-called moderates, is almost a pre-requisite to political success.

But let me try anyway.

The failure to impose additional capital requirements would allow our biggest banks to continue to enjoy the advantage of a decisive government subsidy. That subsidy comes in the form of the advantage they enjoy in funding their operations from the conviction among counter-parties that they will—come hell or high water—be bailed out.

Everyone in the world knows that there is no way Bank of America [BAC 10.70 -0.30 (-2.73%) ]or Citigroup [C 41.65 -0.92 (-2.16%) ] will ever be allowed to fail. Put all the anti-bailout language in the world into every bill passed by Congress, but no one will believe it. Everyone remembers that Barney Frank used to scream up and down the corridors of the Capitol Building that there was no government backing for Fannie Mae. As it turns out, there was. And is.

Higher capital requirements for the largest banks do not interfere with the operation of the free market. They are a necessary counterbalance to a government-created imbalance in the markets.

If you favor markets and oppose bailouts, there's really no choice but to support increased capital requirements for the biggest banks. The banks may talk a free market game, but all they are really doing is protecting their government-supplied subsidy.

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Cities Unaffected by a Bad Economy

-Yahoo! Finance

The U.S. unemployment rate crept back up to 9% last week, but some cities are feeling the pain far worse than others.

Roughly 112 metro areas in the U.S. are still dealing with 10% unemployment or greater. That's down from 166 at the same time last year, but tell that to folks in El Centro, Calif., where nearly one in every four people is unemployed. The Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario area in California is still dealing with nearly 14% unemployment, while the 13.3% unemployment in Las Vegas is not only driving up foreclosures, but driving down traffic to its McCarran airport. Passenger numbers fell off 2.6% last year.

On the other side of the recovery, more than 210 cities are below the average U.S. rate and 65 areas dipped below 7%. If you've got a sweet gig at the University of Nebraska or have a steady buyer for your grain or corn-based ethanol, count yourself among the lucky residents of Lincoln, Neb., who aren't part of the city's absurdly low 4.1% unemployment rate. That's still up from 3% just two years ago, however, and is only a hair better than the 4.2% rate in Bismarck, N.D.

It takes more than just a low unemployment rate in a small town to show the world you've weathered years of recession-fueled financial woes. With help from the Census Department, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic Analysis, TheStreet found U.S. cities that not only withstood the economic downturn, but seemingly ignored it:


©Anthony Bolante/Blixah/AP

Austin, Texas

Reported GDP in 2009: $73 billion
Reported GDP today: $78.4 billion
Unemployment: 6.8%
Population change 2000-10: 20.4%

The locals want to keep Austin weird, and having a glut of jobs and a growing city definitely qualifies as weird during a period of financial turmoil. Heavy hitters such as Dell, the University of Texas, Whole Foods and Forestar Group have helped by doling out jobs, and newcomers such as Samsung have added to the city's work force. But a town that's staked its reputation on art-and-music-fueled funkiness seems to expand every time the South By Southwest music, technology and movie festival rolls through.


©Alex Brandon/AP

Washington, D.C.

Reported GDP in 2009: $366.6 billion
Reported GDP today: $407.5 billion
Unemployment: 5.8%
Population change 2000-10: 2.8%

With government jobs, lobbying and contracting gigs linked to those government jobs, a huge law community, a heavy tourist draw and the bolstering presence of universities such as Georgetown, George Washington, Howard and American and companies including Danaher and Pepco Holdings, D.C. and its surrounding areas were doing just fine before the recession. When the government decided the best way to upend that recession was to beat it over the head with money until it went away, that certainly didn't hurt the city's cause.


©City of Augusta

Augusta, Ga.

Reported GDP in 2009: $17 billion
Reported GDP today: $18.4 billion
Unemployment: 8.4%
Population change 2000-10: 0.3%

It's not all of the sun-baked fellows in the galleries yelling "It's in the hole" at the Masters Tournament or the tourists getting a taste of the city's powerfully hot summers that have kept the city growing and its unemployment numbers on the wane since 2009. Instead, Augusta steeled itself against the recession in the best way a city can -- by building its economy around a recession-proof industry. In Augusta's case, the medical, biotech and military communities provided a stable base as the rest of Georgia crashed. The state's unemployment mark still sits at 9.8%, above the national average, but a large medical community and an Army Signal Corps facility allowed Augusta to keep its cool.


©Andy Manis/AP

Madison, Wis.

Reported GDP in 2009: $31.2 billion
Reported GDP today: $34.8 billion
Unemployment: 5.7%
Population change 2000-10: 11.6%

If that 5.7% unemployment rate looks enticing, you should have been in Madison during the recession in 2009, when unemployment was at 3.5%. That's not a headline from The Onion, either, as the University of Wisconsin, the state government (protests and all) and the surrounding medical and biotech communities have largely shielded Madison from the recession's effects. Companies such as Spectrum Brands seem fairly happy here as well, which has created a business base that makes Wisconsin grads slightly more inclined to stay.


©gmar/flickr

Boulder, Colo.

Reported GDP in 2009: $16.2 billion
Reported GDP today: $17.6 billion
Unemployment: 6.9%
Population change 2000-10: 5.8%

The University of Colorado gets all the credit for keeping jobs around but, like Austin, Boulder's hippie roots and artistic bent do a nice job of keeping the foot traffic moving and keeping the place just a little quirky. This helps spice up the job mix a bit by placing ad firm Crispin Porter + Bogusky, Celestial Seasonings tea and plastic sandal maker Crocs to the list of employers, but the area still relies heavily on scientific institutions such as the Center For Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Space Science Institute, as well as straitlaced companies including IBM, Lockheed Martin and Ball Aerospace & Technologies to keep the party going.

Click here to see the full list of Cities Unaffected by a Bad Economy

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Loan Limit: Will It or Won't It Hurt Housing?

-CNBC News

A few weeks ago the National Association of Home Builders put out a report asserting that new lower loan limits going into effect in October at Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) "will reduce housing demand and place downward pressure on home prices in major housing markets."

On the blog that day, I wrote that the games were only beginning.

Now another report, this time from researchers at George Washington University, is suggesting just the opposite, that lower loan limits may raise cost for a very few borrowers, but overall will not affect most mortgage shoppers.

The report focuses on the FHA, claiming, "The FHA still could serve 95 percent of its historic targeted market even if the maximum FHA loan limit were reduced by nearly 50 percent." Its market share right now (30 percent) far exceeds its target population.

“FHA’s expansion played a major role in keeping the housing market afloat during the economic collapse of 2008 and 2009,” said Robert Van Order, co-author of the report. “However, we now are left with large loan limits that were set when home prices at the top of the bubble. They don’t reflect current market conditions and are unlikely to assist the FHA in reaching its historical constituencies – first time, minority and low income homebuyers."

After analysis, researchers concluded that a loan limit of $350,000 in high cost markets at $200,000 in the lowest cost markets would, "satisfy more than 95 percent of FHA's target constituency."

Economist Paul Dales at Capital Economics extrapolates to Fannie and Freddie, and agrees, albeit with concerns: "The scheduled reduction in conforming mortgage loan limits at the start of October is unlikely to trigger a further precipitous fall in house prices as some have suggested. Nevertheless, it certainly won't help the market at a time when millions of households already can't obtain a mortgage."

Dales cites FHFA (the overseer of Fannie and Freddie) studies which find that the lower loan limits, "will only affect 250 counties, or just 8 percent of the 3,000 counties in the U.S.…in 2010 the GSE's provided just 50,000 mortgages ($3b) where the loan amount was above the new limits. That's just 5 percent of all new mortgages provided by the GSE's last year and 3-4 percent of new loans issued by all lenders."

He then adds that those left on the outside of the loan limits will just go get jumbo loans, even though they come at a higher price. I would add that they also come with even tougher credit standards, not that conforming loans these days aren't tough enough to obtain.

A big issue, though, is who will fund this jumbo loan market that is about to get many more customers. Also, the bulk of the sales action right now is on the lower end of the market.

If we're going to return to a "normal" housing market, we need those move-up buyers. Yes, the distress is on the low end, but the mid range is stalled, and that's not healthy. I'm sure we'll be hearing more as we near the fall.

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Tuesday, July 5, 2011

Some Real Estate Agents Are In Cahoots With Fraudsters

-Huffington Post

"Profiteers are able to identify vulnerable homeowners by paying real estate agents for referrals," Coop wrote in Secondary Marketing Executive Magazine. Then the profiteer "works to persuade the homeowner that a short sale is the best solution."

Coop is president of Interthinx, a company that offers fraud detection solutions for lenders and investors. His comments about short-sale swindlers are particularly timely because Bank of America and Wells Fargo are taking draconian steps to stop real estate agents from conspiring with fraudster to skim millions of dollars from lenders by fraudulently "flopping" properties.

Flipping real estate contracts was in vogue when quickly escalating prices allowed risk-takers to make quick profits during the real estate boom. But with declining prices, scammers are using short sales to make a fast buck by purchasing properties at below-market prices and immediately flopping them to new buyers. And lenders want real estate agents to do more due diligence to prevent fraud.

Bank of America and Wells Fargo are requiring realty agents involved in short sales to sign an affidavit attesting that the sale is bona fide and that the property will not be resold within the next few months. It requires them to do more due diligence and know more about the buyer and seller in each transaction.
Defaulting homeowners sell by short sale to avoid foreclosure. But neither bankers nor real estate agents are publicly admitting that distrust is pervasive because a few dishonest realty agents are in cahoots with scammers. Instead the banks hope that signing the affidavit will dissuade all realty agents from participating or looking the other way when fraud is occurring.

There are several ways that realty agents commit short sale fraud, Coop says. "If the real estate agent is actively participating in the fraud," he says, "the property's neighborhood code may be misrepresented in order to give the appearance that the property is in an area with much lower values."

Thus anyone reading the multiple listings will think the property is overpriced and avoids making an offer. Consequently the property languishes on the market and the lender is more apt to accept less.

"The agent may not list the property at all and convince the lender to agree to a lower price," Coop says. "Or the agent may simply withhold higher offers from legitimate buyers."

After the lender substantially lowers the price, the real estate agent sends the lender a lowball offer from the scammer. Meanwhile, an undisclosed third party waits in the background to buy at full value.

The scammer buys low, hikes the price to a third party, pockets the difference, and the realty agent gets paid.

"In extreme cases," Coop says, "a few days before the short sale is due to close," the agent tells the lender that original buyer "is either unable or unwilling to complete the purchase."

Coop says that the original buyer was fictitious to begin with and the agent produces an all cash offer from the scammer. "But in order to close the sale, the price must be reduced by $10,000 or more," the agent tells the lender.

Even though lenders are losing millions of dollars to scams, requiring all realty agents involved in short sale transactions to sign the affidavit harasses honest agents in too wide of a net being cast. In turn, they may not want to sell properties for which Bank of America, Wells Fargo or other lenders requiring similar affidavits are involved.

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Berkshire's Charles Munger: Housing Bubble Caused By 'Megalomania, Insanity, And Evil'

-Huffington Post

Charles Munger, the always-quotable vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, wasn’t mincing words on Friday.

“The bubble in America was caused by some combination of megalomania, insanity and evil in, I would say, investment banking, mortgage banking,”Munger said at a conference in Pasadena.

In assigning responsibility for the housing bubble that precipitated the financial-sector collapse of 2008, and ushered in a period of prolonged economic contraction, Munger also took issue with the accounting industry, calling it "contemptible" for its role in the debacle.

And he had particular scorn for Richard Fuld, the former chairman and CEO of Lehman Brothers.

“I would guess that Dick Fuld has not a single ounce of contrition wherever he sits today,” Munger said.

Munger was speaking at a “Morning with Charlie” event, held in lieu of the annual shareholder meeting of Wesco Financial, a Berkshire company that Munger had chaired.

Berkshire Hathaway recently acquired Wesco’s remaining stock, removing the company from public trading. Munger chose to make a public appearance anyway, though he said in April that the event would only be “for hard-core addicts.”

Munger is known for his blunt, often combative pronouncements. In April, he opined to a group of shareholders that Greece was in trouble because its citizens “don’t want to pay taxes or do much work.” In 2009, he called cap and trade “monstrously stupid.”

Around the same time, he said of Wall Street pay, “A man does not deserve huge amounts of pay for creating tiny spreads on huge amounts of money. Any idiot can do it. And, as a matter of fact, many idiots do do it.”

At Friday’s meeting, Munger endorsed Coca-Cola stock, calling it “one of my favorites” and an “easy choice” for investors. He praised Elizabeth Warren, President Obama’s appointee to oversee the Consumer Financial protection Bureau, according to Bloomberg.

He had a qualified compliment for former Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan, whom he called “a smart man” but one who “totally overdosed on Ayn Rand at a young age.”

And he gave a wry nod to his own fanbase. Noting that Friday’s meeting would be the last of its kind, Munger told the crowd, “You all need a new cult hero.”

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New Partnership Provides Appraisers With Green Valuation Tools

-EcoHome

As part of the Obama Administration's efforts to improve commercial building efficiency 20% by 2020, U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced a new partnership that will work to ensure that appraisers nationwide have the information, practical guidelines, and professional resources they need to evaluate energy performance when conducting commercial building appraisals.

In conjunction with the Washington, DC-based Appraisal Foundation, the Department of Energy (DOE) will develop information and educational tools relating to valuing green buildings based on the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, the generally accepted standards for U.S. building appraisers. These tools and resources will help appraisers appropriately include energy performance and sustainability in valuations.

While the agreement is for commercial buildings, over time the foundation also will consider the need for green home guidance, according to Paula Douglas Seidel, Appraisal Foundation executive administrator.

Under the partnership, the DOE will develop educational materials and create a database to provide commercial appraisers with energy-savings data, federal green building programs and policies, and additional information on energy performance. Last year, commercial buildings accounted for about 20% of all the energy used in the United States.

The public-private partnership is a good step in the right direction in the painfully slow process of advocating for energy-conscious appraising and lending practices, says David Porter, owner of the Stanwood, Wash., consulting firm Porter Works, which offers a Green Specialist training program for appraisers, lenders, and insurance professionals nationwide. Nevertheless, there is still much more work to be done before green buildings are fully valued by lenders and appraisers.

“Ultimately we need state appraisal boards to require training on green and energy efficiency before an appraiser can accept an assignment for such a property,” he says.

Finally, Porter is looking forward to the day when energy-efficient residential projects receive full recognition and value from the lending community, especially retrofits. “Out of 128 million homes in the U.S. we have 95 million that are in need of some energy efficiency improvements,” he adds.

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9 Items Homebuyers Desire in 2011

-Real Estate News

Today's homebuyers want it all.

Some items on the shopping list: a home in great condition with rooms that can do double duty. Areas that mingle indoor and outdoor living -- patios, porches, decks and outdoor rooms -- are always a plus. And so are those features that offer a little luxury, like garden tubs, first-rate appliances and high-dollar countertops.

They're also going back to basics: searching for solid, well-maintained properties that will give them their money's worth.

"I think this year they're buying properties that are in good mechanical condition that have inherent value," says Ron Phipps, president of the National Association of Realtors.

But more than anything, buyers want to drive a hard bargain.

They want "great deals," says Patricia Szot, president of the MetroTex Association of Realtors. "And no matter where a seller prices their property, they're looking to negotiate."

Here are nine items popular with buyers this year:

Homes in Good Condition

Buyers demand homes that are well maintained, Phipps says. "There's not a lot of flexibility in that." The attitude is: "I'd rather spend the money getting into the house" and not have to spend more money later, he says. Buyers don't want an unknown expense hanging over their heads.

Pat Vredevoogd Combs agrees. "I'm not working with too many people who want a fixer-upper," says Combs, past president of the National Association of Realtors and vice president of Coldwell Banker AJS Schmidt in Grand Rapids, Mich.

One big reason: With most transactions, "buyers have limited amounts of cash," Phipps says. "Even if they want to do a fixer-upper, they don't have the money to do it."

"Buyers have enough money to buy," he says. "They don't have enough money to buy and improve. And the lenders make it really difficult."

Rock-Bottom Bargains

Buyers "are more focused on negotiating, drawing limits in their mind and focusing on the strategy," says Justin Knoll, president of the Denver Board of Realtors.

Some of it is a point of pride, he says. "They want to tell their friends and family that they really got a smokin' deal."

They "want value," says Alice Walker, president of the Greater Nashville Association of Realtors. "They are very picky. They're just a lot more critical. They are not going to settle because they know they don't have to."

Her advice to sellers: Repair, update, clean and stage. "You have got to remove every obstacle possible for the buyers," Walker says.

The more-for-less approach even holds when buyers consider bank-owned properties, says Joan Pratt, real estate broker, Re/Max Professionals in Castle Pines, Colo. "They want the short sales and the foreclosures and they want them to look like they're owner-occupied," she says. "They don't want to paint. They don't want to put carpet in. They don't want to clean."

And they're surprised when they don't find it, Pratt says.

Outdoor Living Areas

"The thing that we've seen over the past couple of years is more outdoor living areas," says Laurie Knudsen, president of the Charlotte Regional Realtor Association. Some popular features: Screen porches, outdoor kitchens, two-way fireplaces.

"It's a selling point if a house already has it," she says. And "it's going to make it more competitive on the market."

Incentives

Call it "Rock-bottom deals, part two."

Along with pricing, "it's all about incentives," says Mabel Guzman, president of the Chicago Association of Realtors. To pique buyer interest, sellers offer everything from gift cards for new furniture and paint to financial assistance at closing.

Szot agrees, and laments that it's made the road more difficult for sellers.

"Not only are (buyers) asking them to lower the price, but they are asking for a lot more," Szot says. "So negotiations are a lot more difficult now."

Practical Green Features

Call it "Yankee frugality," says Phipps. But what he sees on buyer shopping lists is a home that is easy on the planet because it's easy on the wallet.

Buyers are looking for things like triple-glazed windows, high-efficiency boilers and energy-efficient appliances. "The buyer of today wants to make sure that the ongoing operating costs of the house are as controlled and economical as possible," he says.

Another popular item: nontech green features. Buyers are looking at the sun exposure in relation to energy efficiency, he says. And that's something that will vary with the area and region, he says. "In some areas, you want larger overhangs to minimize the sun," Phipps says. "In my area (New England), lots of windows on the southern side to maximize the sun would be smart."

Open Kitchens

"The wall between the kitchen and the family room is evaporating," Phipps says.

"The kitchen is becoming part of the gathering space," he says. "And it's ironic -- it's the way it was 300 years ago. We've come full circle."

Repurposed Materials

Buyers like a material that looks or feels natural, even if it's not the genuine article, Phipps says. For example, "granite (for counters) is still popular, but it doesn't have to be granite," he says. "It can be stone, another natural material or something that looks like stone."

"We're seeing lots of different materials and lots of reusable materials, which is interesting," he says. "Also a lot of unusual uses of hardwood -- like pine flooring (reclaimed and) reused for counters," or terra cotta slabs -- beautifully glazed -- used for countertops, he says.

Smaller, Less-Formal Homes

Buyers are buying smaller homes, but they want to be able to use and reuse every inch of space, Phipps says. "They are being much more strategic and efficient with how they use it."

Formal spaces that might only be used three or four times per year are disappearing. "The slipcover rooms are gone," says Phipps.

That's "led to a repurposing of space," he says. Formal living rooms have been added to great rooms or converted into home offices or entertainment rooms.

"Three to five years ago, if they could get a loan that would get them into a McMansion with stone and tile and brick and more rooms than they needed, they would do it," says Jeff Wiren, president of the Portland Metropolitan Association of Realtors. "Now they're saying 'I don't know if I want to heat that place and clean it.' They're being much more realistic."

Touches of Luxury

Buyers like luxury. And sometimes the amenities that convey that feeling of living large are relatively simple or inexpensive.

One example: coffee bars in the master bedroom. "It's like a butler's pantry in your bedroom," Pratt says. "An area for your coffee pot and accoutrements and a little fridge."

The feature has been popular, especially in high-end homes, for about five years, she says.

Another luxury touch: high-dollar finishes in less-expensive homes, Knoll says. Granite counters and stainless steel appliances, marble tiles in the bathrooms and vessel or undermount sinks continue to impress, he says.

Buyers also like "a living space where you can have barstools and do some entertaining," he says.

Says Knoll, "There is a sex appeal about housing, and they do get excited about those kinds of things."

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Thursday, June 30, 2011

Reverse Mortgage Lenders Exiting: Will They Come Back?

-Zillow Blog

It is no secret that America’s population isn’t getting any younger. In fact, according to a recent Harvard study, the number of people who will be considered “seniors” will increase 35% within the next ten years.

Will these newly-minted seniors be able to take advantage of an FHA reverse mortgage to leverage the equity they have built up in their homes so they can enjoy retirement?

Maybe. Maybe not.

According to at least one HUD official, the FHA insured reverse mortgage is here to stay and has a future as an option for seniors.

But many large lenders who have helped seniors with FHA reverse mortgages in the past, are no longer offering this mortgage product. One large lender who is pulling out even stated in their press release that the FHA reverse mortgage program was designed in a “different economic time” (the reverse mortgage program was originally designed by HUD in 1987).

Reverse Mortgages: What Is Different?

As with the “normal” mortgage market, there have been a substantial number of changes to the FHA reverse mortgage program in the last few years. More recently, at least three of the largest FHA reverse mortgage lenders have decided to discontinue helping seniors get FHA reverse mortgages in part due to reputation risk that a recent HUD opinion may cause.

Why are lenders exiting the reverse mortgage market?

  1. The unpredictability of home values
  2. The difficulty of determining a senior’s abilities to make payments on property taxes and homeowners insurance.

Not many people predicted the dramatic decline in home values – and the new uncertainty of future home values combined with a recent change by HUD in essentially requiring a lender to foreclose on a homeowner with an FHA reverse mortgage should they become delinquent on their property taxes or insurance.

In a recent email after deciding to exit the reverse mortgage business, one Wells Fargo executive articulated the reputation risk lenders hold when property values decline and seniors are having trouble keeping up with even their property taxes and insurance:

“The last straw in our decision was the recent HUD decision to require servicers to initiate foreclosure on the Senior Reverse Mortgage customers [who] could not pay their taxes and insurance,” the email says. “When a product or program creates more reputation risk than value … well … you get the picture.”

Falling property values.  Seniors’ budgets being stretched to the point where they can’t afford to keep up on property taxes and insurance. HUD encouraging foreclosure for homeowners with a FHA insured reverse mortgage if they can’t keep their taxes and insurance current.

It all adds up to lenders exiting the reverse mortgage business.

But probably not forever.

They can always get back in should the environment, trend of property values or HUD guidelines change.

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See Homes That Will Float Your Boat

-Zillow Blog

Living close to a body of water has its share of real estate perks — water views, waterfront properties, private beaches, and personal boat launches are a few top-of-mind examples. One type of real estate that ultimately takes advantage of water, however, is the floating home.

Perhaps the most popular floating home was the one used in the hit movie, “Sleepless in Seattle,” starring Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan.  Not to be confused with a house boat — which is mobile and can move around — a floating home is permanently attached to a dock, is connected to a sewer system and does not have its own means of propulsion. But, like a house boat, it has incredible water views.

Ranging in size from small (800 sq ft) to large (5,000 sq ft), floating homes aren’t for individuals who are claustrophobic, or easily irritated by disturbances from otters, rowers, and people who poke and nose around in their kayaks. But space isn’t the selling point.

“We’re selling the lifestyle more than anything else because it is so rare and special,” says Rick Miner, a Seattle real estate agent and floating home owner for nearly 16 years.

Miner estimates there are less than 500 floating homes in Seattle and “less than 20 a year go on the market each year.”

Seattle has an abundance of floating homes, as do other locations along the West Coast, such as select areas of California and Oregon.

See Floating Homes for Sale in U.S.:


2369 Fairview Ave E, Slip 6, Seattle, WA 98102 (above)
For Sale: $3,450,000

While mortgages and home insurance differ with these floating homes, price tiers exist just like the standard land-based single-family homes. Depending on the size and location, floating homes range in price from $150,000 to several million. This modern, 3-bedroom, 3.5-bathroom, 3-story home (pictured above) represents the luxury category of floating homes. This “floating penthouse” is priced at $3.45 million and offers 850-sq ft of terraces, a rooftop deck, boat lift and deed parking.

2764 Westlake Ave N, Apt G, Seattle, WA 98109 (above)
For Sale: $825,000

A downside to floating communities is the fact that the homes don’t come with a driveway or garage close to your house. However, shops, grocery stores, and restaurants are usually a short walk away as is the case for this 1-bedroom floating home (pictured above) for sale on Seattle’s Westlake real estate market.


2321 Fairview Ave E, Slip 3, Seattle, WA 98102 (above)
For Sale: $549,000

Another one of the joys of living on the water is the opportunity to take your own boat to waterfront restaurants, an option for the new homeowners of this 2-bedroom home (pictured above), which is located on Lake Union, in the heart of Seattle. Like most floating home communities, this home has close neighbors and close proximity to city destinations.

2394 Mariner Square Dr, B-12, Alameda, CA 94501 (above)
For Sale: $485,000

Some are even close to public transportation, as is noted in the property listing for a floating home on the Alameda real estate market for $485,000 (pictured above). The 1,000-sq ft home is right across from Jack London Square with 2 bedrooms, 1.5 bathrooms, and spacious upper deck.

11666 N Island Cove Ln, Portland, OR 97217 (above)
For Sale: $169,000

Located in Hayden Island near Portland, OR, this 2-bedroom, 1-bathroom home (pictured above) was built in 2007 and features hardwood and radiant-heat floors, surround sound, walk-in closets and a den all for $169,000. In price and structure, this is a rare find on both the Hayden Island real estate and Portland real estate markets.


2023 N Jantzen Ave, Portland, OR 97217 (above)
For Sale: $433,000

This 3,000-sq ft Portland home on Hayden Island (above) has a gas fireplace in the living room, a slip for a 50-foot boat, sweeping river views and an upper master suite that offers 735 sq ft of space, including a sunroom.

17809 NE Marine Dr, Portland, OR 97230
For Sale: $895,000

Who says floating homes are small? The listing description for this humongous, 4,200-sq ft floating home on Portland’s Columbia River claims it is “completely still, no movement” since it is built on a concrete slab that can “hold up 2 million pounds.” Containing 5 bedrooms and 4.5 baths, this floating home also has a 17-foot swim spa off the master deck.

18525 NE Marine Dr, SLIP D2, Portland, OR 97230
For Sale: $599,900

Gorgeous, modern floating home with green features, including Energy Star appliances. Smartly designed with three levels of decks to enjoy the Columbia River. The home features hardwood floors, has 2,436 sq ft, with 4 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms. Home comes with ownership of both sides of the dock and has room (12′x40′) for a boat.


2394 Mariner Square Dr, #b-16, Alameda, CA 94501 (above)
For Sale: $520,000

As previously mentioned, mortgage loans and home insurance for floating homes are different than your standard Fannie Mae-type mortgages. Floating home communities, especially those of a “higher-end” nature — like this home on the Alameda real estate market for $520,000 — “are going to require people to have 20 percent down minimum,” Miner explained.

But, many floating home owners — like Miner — believe the different insurance and mortgage requirements to buy a floating home are worth it.

“Once you have it [a floating home], you may never leave it,” Miner said.

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Dome Homes Dot the Landscape

-Yahoo! Real Estate

While dome homes may be odd-looking to some people, to a growing set of home buyers, they are now the only way to go.

According to Dennis Johnson of Natural Space Domes in Minnesota, the housing crisis and recent devastating tornadoes have increased awareness and interest in building, or buying dome homes.

“We’ve had domes go through hurricanes,” Johnson said. “The three domes by New Orleans, had no damage around them at all even though the trees were decimated. [A] fourth one had shingles torn off, but no structural damage to the dome.”

Missouri’s Romain Morgan is a believer. In 2004, Morgan’s Halfway, MO, dome home withstood a tornado that swept over her home and left nary a trace of destruction. “I had no damage,” Morgan reported. “Just one piece of trim on a side window was torn off. I had a realtor ask me how much I would take for my house. I said ‘nothing.’ I won’t sell it. The feeling of security is incredible.”

Because dome homes are energy-efficient, easy to build and are able to better withstand hurricanes and tornadoes due to its round, aerodynamic shape, the dome home is becoming more popular — especially in areas that are prone to tornadoes and hurricanes.

The geodesic dome was first made popular by inventor Buckminster Fuller who wanted to revolutionize housing in the 1940s. Lightweight, cost-effective, easy to assemble, and built to withstand even the harshest of weather conditions, domes can be found across the U.S. and a number of companies sell dome kits.

“A bathroom would be a bathroom, and the kitchen would be a kitchen but the dome shell part of it is going to be less cost than a traditional box house,” Johnson said. “The safety factor is a big concern and I think this year a lot of people have been asking questions in regards to tornadoes."

Dome home kits range in cost; the basic frame starts at around $5,000 and the full kit, including siding, ranges more toward $75,000.

Interested in buying a dome home? Here are some for sale in the U.S.:

211 Camino De Lovato, Taos, NM
For Sale: $74,000

A 20-foot diameter dome home in Taos, NM.
Photo: Zillow

This teeny-tiny dome — measuring 20 feet in diameter — sits on a whopping ten acres in Taos, New Mexico. Like many other dome homes, it was built with a kit and an additional kit is also available for sale with the property. Located twenty minutes outside of town, this dome is better suited as a little getaway home rather than a primary residence.

9950 S Warhawk Rd, Conifer, CO
For Sale: $915,000

Interior of dome home in Conifer, CO.
Photo: Zillow

Like the Taos dome, this Conifer home for sale is a monolithic dome. Completely off the grid, this built-green 3-bedroom, 2.5-bath home relies on solar power for utilities. The property includes a little over 38 acres and is surrounded by mountain and forest views.

9157 Hwy 42 S, Coquille, OR
For Sale: $350,000

A three-bedroom dome home in Coquille, OR.
Photo: Zillow

Located on the southern portion of the Oregon Coast, this geodesic dome home sits on over seven acres of land with pasture, nut and fruit trees. The 2,060-square-foot home has 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms and includes a private dock and river views. The home is a few minutes from the small town of Bandon, OR as well as nearby parks and beaches.

35 Aprils Way, El Prado, NM
For Sale: $225,000

A two-bedroom dome home in El Prado, NM.
Photo: Zillow

This piece of Taos real estate is a monolithic dome. Like a geodesic dome, monolithic domes are built using kits and can withstand extreme weather. While a geodesic dome is made up of several triangles to craft a dome shape, a monolithic dome is made from a one-piece form — most often concrete. This 2-bed, 2-bath home has 1,017 square feet of living area and sits on nearly one acre of land with views of the surrounding mountains.

29365 Henry White Rd, Albany, LA
For Sale: $265,000

A four-bedroom dome home in Albany, LA.
Photo: Zillow

The only geodesic dome home on the Albany real estate market, this home sits on over two acres and has a wide open floor plan typical of most dome homes with soaring ceilings and large rooms. The 4-bedroom, 2.5 bath home has 3,144 square feet of living space.

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Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Two Big Banks Exit Reverse-Mortgage Business

-The New York Times

The nation’s two biggest providers of reverse mortgages are no longer offering the loans, as the economics of the business have come under pressure.

Wells Fargo, the largest provider, said on Thursday that it was leaving the business, following the departure in February of Bank of America [BAC 11.1494 0.3294 (+3.04%) ], the second-largest lender. With the two biggest players gone — together, they accounted for 43 percent of the business, according to Reverse Market Insight — prospective borrowers may find it more difficult to access the mortgages.

Reverse mortgages allow people age 62 and older to tap what may be their biggest asset, their home equity, without having to make any payments. Instead, the bank pays the borrowers, though they continue to be responsible for paying property taxes and homeowner’s insurance.

But the loans have increasingly become a riskier proposition. Banks are not allowed to assess borrowers’ ability to keep up with all their payments, and more borrowers do not have the wherewithal to stay current on their homeowners’ insurance and property taxes, both of which have risen in many parts of the country. At the same time, borrowers have been taking the maximum amount of money available, often using it to pay off any remaining money owed on the home. Yet home prices continue to slide.

“We are on new ground here,” said Franklin Codel, head of national consumer lending at Wells Fargo [WFC 27.80 0.31 (+1.13%) ]. “With house prices falling, you reach a crossover point where they owe more than the house is worth and it creates risk for us as mortgage servicers and for HUD.” He was referring to the Department of Housing and Urban Development, whose Federal Housing Administration arm insures the vast majority of these loans through its Home Equity Conversion Mortgage program.

As a result, banks are seeing a rise in what are known as technical defaults, when homeowners fall behind on their taxes or homeowner’s insurance, both of which are required to avoid foreclosure. According to Reverse Market Insight, about 4 to 5 percent of active reverse mortgages, or 25,000 to 30,000 borrowers, are in default on at least one of those items.

Bank of America, meanwhile, said that declining home values made fewer people eligible for reverse mortgages. So it decided to redeploy at least half of those working on the mortgages to its loan modification division, which has been criticized for failing to help enough homeowners on the brink of foreclosure.

For Wells Fargo, however, the inability to assess borrowers’ financial health was the biggest factor for exiting the business. Anyone over the age of 62 with enough home equity can take out a reverse mortgage, regardless of their other income. The amount of money received is determined by the borrower’s age, the amount of equity in the home and prevailing interest rates.

“We are not allowed, as an originator, to decline anyone,” added Mr. Codel of Wells Fargo. We “worked closely with HUD to find an alternative solution and we were unable to find one with them, which led to this outcome.”

Reverse mortgage borrowers are required to pay premiums for mortgage insurance, which protects the lender if the homes are ultimately sold for less than the mortgage value, since the government is required to pay the difference to the lender. The premium rates were increased last October to account for declining home values (though one sizable upfront mortgage premium was eliminated to make the loans more attractive to certain borrowers).

But lenders are responsible for making tax and insurance payments on behalf of delinquent borrowers until they submit an insurance claim to HUD, at which point the agency would be responsible since it provided the insurance against default.

In January, HUD sent a letter to lenders and reverse mortgage counselors that provided guidance on how to report delinquent loans to the agency, and what steps the lenders could take to get borrowers back on track, like establishing a realistic repayment plan that could be completed in two years or less, or getting a HUD-approved mortgage counselor involved to help come up with a solution. If one cannot be reached, the lenders must begin foreclosure proceedings.

Both Wells Fargo and Bank of America have said they have not foreclosed on any borrowers to date.

The National Reverse Mortgage Lenders Association, the industry group, said it has been working with HUD to come up with procedures that would allow lenders to assess a prospective borrower’s income and expenses, or at least require homeowners to set aside money to pay for taxes and insurance. A spokeswoman for HUD said the guidance is still being drafted.

As it stands now, borrowers are required to see a HUD-approved lender before they can apply for a reverse mortgage. As part of that process, consumers are educated on the nuts and bolts of how the loans work and what their responsibilities are, including that they need to be able to continue to pay taxes, insurance and keep the property in good repair.

“We don’t tell consumers what decision to make, but we do try to give them the tools to make a decision,” said Sue Hunt, director of reverse mortgage counseling at CredAbility, a nonprofit consumer credit counseling agency. She added that their sessions last about an hour and 15 minutes, on average. The counselors also look at the consumer’s budget to see if it is sustainable with the mortgage, as well as what circumstances might arise that could throw the borrower off track.

“Outside factors are affecting people who thought five or six years ago that they were in pretty good shape,” she added. “The world has changed a bit around them.”

In days past, the borrower would get the reverse mortgage, and equity would continue to build, experts said, which would provide borrowers with more options — like refinancing — should they fall on hard times. Declining home values have changed that calculus for both bankers and consumers. Borrowers have not been able to pull out as much money. At the same time, the government has also tightened its withdrawal limits.

There were a total of more than 50,000 reverse mortgages, totaling $12.66 billion, made industry wide since last October, according to HUD.

Both Wells Fargo and Bank of America will continue to service their existing reverse mortgages. And the reverse mortgage association has said it will work with its members to ensure that senior citizens who need the loans can get them, though some experts said that less competition could increase certain fees.

“There is a certain amount of the business done by Wells and Bank of America that happens because of their bank branches, brand names and large sales forces,” said John K. Lunde, president of Reverse Market Insight. “We would expect something more than half of their volume to be absorbed by the rest of the industry, with something less than half not happening.”

Wells Fargo, which said that reverse mortgages represented 2.2 percent of its retail mortgage business, employs about 1,000 reverse mortgage workers. They are being given a chance to find other positions at the bank. Bank of America said that about half of its 600 workers have been reassigned within the bank. MetLife, the third-largest provider of reverse mortgages, declined to comment on its business.

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The Anatomy of An Appraisal Fee

-Appraisal Buzz

As the song goes, “…Should I stay or Should I Go?” Many appraisers are thinking about leaving the profession and many have already moved on. How much time does it take to complete a residential appraisal, what are the costs to produce an appraisal and what is an appraiser’s net take-home pay after all those costs? Attached is a spreadsheet that can be used as a tool by residential appraisers to evaluate the Anatomy of an Appraisal, the performance of their business and their net take home pay.

Typically, an appraiser would compare their net take-home pay with the gross salary they could receive in an alternative salaried position (appraisal or non-appraisal) when determining whether to leave their appraisal business. As a result, the spreadsheet provided is a pre-tax estimate of the appraiser’s net take-home pay. Some appraisers could opt to hire a staff appraiser to author appraisals for their business and when doing so, would be required to pay that appraiser an acceptable wage which we estimate as a national average gross wage of $40,000. The fees, salaries and expenses in your local area may vary but the model can be adjusted to reflect your actual expenses, revenues and salaries. Our use of an average $40,000 gross salary is for illustration purposes only and immaterial since we add then deduct the salary with business profits or losses to arrive at net take-home pay. Thus, increasing or decreasing of the $40,000 salary we used has no effect on the net take home pay. Some appraisers for example, despite seeing a decline in fees and revenues continue to pay themselves the same salary so they can keep paying their bills. However, this requires increased capital contributions to their business from savings, draw down their IRA or 401K or increased debt. If fees ultimately fail to recover, then appraisers with unsustainable gross salaries would be required to reduce their salaries and the model can help appraisers evaluate their production costs.

We calculate the average appraisal takes about 12.5 hours to produce, factoring in both actual production time plus the appraiser’s non-productive overhead time. Our model also estimates that a typical USA residential fee appraiser produces a mix of fee work with some at Customary & Reasonable Rates and some AMC fee work well below Customary and Reasonable rates resulting in average annual gross revenues of $70,000, representing a gross hourly rate of $23.40. Sounds great right?

However, after accounting for all expenses and cost of producing the appraisal, we calculate the typical residential appraiser has a net take-home pay of just over $29,000, which after accounting for a typical 60 hour appraiser work week represents effective net take home pay of about $9.70 per hour.

Wow. A few weeks ago I offered a comment on the Buzz (in jest) that I was thinking about a full-time 40 hour job at McDonalds or Wal Mart – but I wouldn’t know what to do with the raise or the extra time off. Although it was joke at the time, having now calculated all the operational costs, I find the joke was on me and other appraisers because those alternative jobs would in fact appear to be a raise.

Hold on, it gets worse.

If the appraiser decided to do exclusively AMC work in my market, taking into account the notably lower AMC fees in my area, the appraiser’s annual gross revenues would decline to $45,000 and after accounting for all expenses, their net take home pay would be negative $3.82 per hour! That’s right, after accounting for business losses, an appraiser who relies exclusively on AMC work would have a negative net take home pay. That means there are likely appraisers out there who are funding their business losses and trying to survive by drawing down IRA, 401k, selling off assets, making capital contributions, going further into debt and taking other drastic steps to survive. Taking into account those business losses, a typical AMC dependent appraiser is in fact suffering an annual economic loss and would certainly seek alternative employment.

Appraisers have commonly shared with me two primary reasons for the decision to close their business or leave the profession: 1) Economic considerations and 2) Battle wary and tired of fighting after 17 years of “war”. The war they refer to is the constant battle since 1994 federal policy allowed and required (for the first time since the Great Depression) that Independent and Objective Appraised Value reports be required to compete with advocated values of Broker Price Opinions. Appraisers are also fighting a second War of fees with AMC’s who commonly take 40% to 60% of the overall appraisal fee, reducing fees paid by many (but not all) AMC’s to appraisers well below “Customary & Reasonable” Levels. The third War has always existed (but worsened considerably in 1994 and since) which involves the constant War by clients, borrowers, agent and others constantly wanting to negotiate the appraised value.

Is it any surprise that the huge increase in volume of advocated BPO valuations along with the huge increase in market share of AMC’s since 1994 resulted in a bubble (over valuation of assets) – and an environment where appraisers were forced to compete on the basis of their willingness to hit advocated values and forced to compete with unregulated, agent advocated BPO products? Its been estimated that since 1994, the market share of BPOs in lending transactions has increased from near zero to an approximate 60% market share today compared with a 40% market share for appraisals.

Appraisers are losing the war and as a result, fleeing the profession. An appraisal of the appraisal profession and economic review of the numbers suggests it may be time to get out.

Comments About the Model:

Why include a salary? Most businesses that run a P&L include a market supported salary. Increasing or decreasing the salary for your local market is easy and has no effect on the net take-home pay, as increasing your salary will reduce your net profits while reducing your salary will increase your net profits.

Why such an expensive SUV? That model had lower operating costs and higher re-sale value. Thus, if you use a lower priced car, the maintenance costs may rise and your resale value may decline having the effect of increasing rather than decreasing your annual fully loaded auto costs.

Why loan expense? Above the SUV cost, we needed to account for the car loan interest expense.

Don’t AMC’s have the effect of reducing marketing costs and/or allowing appraisers to produce higher volumes of reports? Maybe. However, in light of the huge difference in fees in my market between AMCs vs Customary and Reasonable, it would be economically advantageous for an appraiser to seek non-AMC work at higher fees and thus they still incur marketing expenses. Also, certainly some appraisers can attain higher rates of production but my experience managing large volumes of appraisers is that these represent valid, sustainable production numbers while maintaining high levels of quality. My sense is that AMCs spend a considerable amount of increased cost and time asking for and chasing down corrections because of their reliance on the lowest fee provider. Conversely, my experience in awarding hundreds of million in appraisal fees that higher fees when coupled with higher quality appraisers, leads to lower overall operating costs and lower loan losses.

My Health Care Costs are higher and I don’t belong to an appraisal organization? Also, the fees are different in my market. Great, adjust the model accordingly to reflect your actual revenues and expenses and find out how much you really are earning on an effective net take-home basis.

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Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Big four top contenders to replace Fannie, Freddie

-Housingwire

As the government-sponsored enterprises slowly wind down their massive domination of the mortgage finance markets, the most likely parties to fill the capital hole left behind are the big four banks.

However, how well or how much the big four can cover remain up for discussion.

On Tuesday, speakers tossed ideas back and forth at a panel titled: "Housing Finance Reform Proposals." They gathered in Washington at the annual meeting of the American Securitization Forum, a trade group representing secondary market players.

One speaker wryly referred to the unofficial title of the panel as "life without the GSEs." The future may be murky, and the present is unlikely to change in the near-term, one panelist said.

The evolution of the mortgage finance markets away from government support will become clearer as financial reform under Dodd-Frank begins to take hold. Until then, according to Alfred Pollard, general counsel Federal Housing Finance Agency, the government will continue support Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the dozen Federal Home Loan Banks.

"If the enterprises are in conservatorship we are supposed to conserve their assets," Pollard said. "We made a decision that Fannie and Freddie, and home loan banks should stick to their core businesses."

Moderator Christopher DiAngelo, partner at Katten Muchin Rosenman, said Bank of America (BAC: 10.78-0.65%), Citigroup(C: 39.91 -0.20%), JPMorgan Chase(JPM: 39.45 -1.08%) and Wells Fargo(WFC: 27.40-0.18%) hold 70% of the private mortgage origination market. Therefore, they seem the likely option to take market share from the GSEs.

Others financing options, such as developing a covered bond market or a greater presence of private investor bases, such as from real estate investment trusts, are only going to handle a small portion of the financing, the panel said.

"A covered bond market does not solve a lot of problems," said Nancy Mueller Handal of MetLife Investments, a $45 billion investor in mortgage-backed securities, 80% of which are GSE bonds.

"There is not the investor base to fill the gap that people think. We would have very little room for covered bonds," she added.

Furthermore, investors want a stronger foundation for investments in private-label MBS. Those investors will want vertical risk retention, adequate access to representations and warranties and a third-party arbitrator assigned to deals.

"The pipes are not in place yet," Handal added.

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Monday, June 27, 2011

Upside Down Houses

-CrookedBrains

This Upside Down House is build by Daniel Czapiewski, Polish businessman in tiny Polish village of Szymbark. Usually, his company builds homes in 3 weeks but this one took 114 days because the workers were confused with structural design. Its an artistic statement about current state of the world. Apart from this the builders lavished attention on every last detail & after the construction of the house they decorated & fitted it out to the highest specifications.

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8) 1

 

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8)  2

 

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8)  3

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8) 4

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8)  5

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8)  6

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8)  7

Upside Down House of  Daniel Czapiewski (8)  8

Norman Johnson's Upside-Down House

Norman Johnson's Upside-Down House.

It's Norman Johnson's Upside-Down House, a way to drive traffic to Sunrise Golf Village. This is one way to get people to walk through your model home. That's a real car upside-down in the carport, real standard size furniture was fixed from the "floor" inside.

Japanese Upside-Down House

Japanese Upside-Down House

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Banks stand to benefit from higher interest rates: S&P

-Housingwire

Investors may fret rising interest rates when the government tightens its monetary policies, but Standard & Poor's said higher rates should help the nation's banks.

"Financial institutions are exposed to interest-rate risk because of mismatches in the maturity structure and re-pricing terms of their assets and liabilities," S&P said.

"Despite marketplace concerns, we believe interest-rate risk is unlikely to be a problem for most of the U.S. financial institutions we rate, including commercial banks, asset managers and money markets," S&P credit analyst Rodrigo Quintanilla said. He also said the added benefits of increasing rates depends on the speed of the recovery and the strength of the overall economy.

The Federal Open Market Committee voted last week to keep the federal funds rate near zero, citing an economic recovery that is slower than officials expected due to a sagging housing market. While long-term inflation estimates remain stable, the FOMC said the economy is experiencing some inflation tied to higher commodities and import prices.

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The Post-Foreclosure Wait

-New York Times

Mortgage troubles won’t necessarily shut you out of the housing market forever.

As the economy and real estate market continue to struggle, millions of Americans have lost their homes through foreclosure, short sale (when a property is sold for less than is owed) or a deed in lieu of foreclosure (when the bank takes ownership without foreclosure).

Even if you think you never want to own a home again, clean credit is important. Bad credit can make it more expensive to rent. In some fields, especially financial services, it can make it difficult to find or keep a job.

How quickly your credit score improves depends in part on how the problem is reported, said Sarah Davies, a senior vice president of VantageScore in Stamford, Conn., a credit-scoring company that competes with FICO, the dominant scoring system.

In a short sale where the balance is forgiven and no deficiency is recorded in public records, recovery can be quick. “Simply paying all your debts on time could bring your score up to a reasonable range in nine months,” Ms. Davies said. “Reasonable” may not qualify you for a mortgage, but it will help in other situations.

A foreclosure or bankruptcy can weigh you down for years. FICO has found that it takes three years for a borrower to pull a score back up to a fair-to-middling 680 after a foreclosure, according to Joanne Gaskin, a company director. A borrower who started out with a near-perfect 780 score would take about seven years to climb all the way back.

But if someone has gone through foreclosure and still has a mountain of debt and not enough income, bankruptcy is worth considering, said Tracy Becker, the founder of North Shore Advisory, a credit-restoration company based in Tarrytown, N.Y. Sure, it will be another hard blow to your credit rating — but your credit most likely is already “wrecked,” at least for now, she said.

Bankruptcy can wipe out some debt. “The choices you make for the future about your financial options should be based on how bad your credit is,” Ms. Becker said. With one 30-day-late payment, for instance, “don’t assume your credit is ruined forever,” she said. It’s easier to recover from that than it would be to pull back from a string of late payments.

And what about a future mortgage? Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Housing Administration set guidelines for how long a borrower must wait after a “significant derogatory event.”

There are plenty of asterisks and conditions. But to generalize, the wait is longest after a foreclosure. Extenuating circumstances like a job loss, illness or divorce reduce the wait.

With such circumstances, Fannie and Freddie specify a two-year wait after a short sale, deed in lieu, or discharge or dismissal of bankruptcy, and three years after foreclosure. Without extenuating circumstances, waits can extend to four years after bankruptcy and seven years after foreclosure.

“The key is to avoid the foreclosure,” said Andrew Wilson, a spokesman for Fannie Mae. “That is what will help you be eligible for the shorter period.”

As for F.H.A.-insured loans, they are available three years after a foreclosure, assuming perfect credit afterward, and two years after a bankruptcy is discharged. After a short sale, there’s a three-year wait if the borrower is in default at the time of the sale and there are no extenuating circumstances. If the borrower was on time with all payments for 12 months before the sale, there is no wait specified, meaning that an F.H.A. loan might be available immediately. Among the conditions: A loan isn’t available if the short sale was to “take advantage of declining market conditions,” according to the F.H.A. Home Loan Handbook for lenders.

One caveat: All of this assumes you have income to pay off debts and stay afloat. It’s likely to be a long time before the mortgage market returns to an anyone-can-borrow-anything way of thinking.

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Freddie Mac settles with TBW to clean up mortgage mess

-Housingwire

Freddie Mac settled with bankrupt mortgage lender Taylor, Bean & Whitaker but will see only a fraction of what it sought, according to a Securities and Exchange Commission filing this week.

TBW, once the 12th largest mortgage lender in the U.S., originated, serviced and sold pools of mortgages to Freddie Mac. It relied on financing vehicles from Colonial Bank and Ocala Funding.

But in 2002, then TBW Chairman Lee Farkas organized a scheme to defraud investors, regulators and Freddie by covering up holes in its financing for the loans.

To do this, Farkas and a group of six other co-conspirators at Colonial and Ocala sold phantom mortgages that were either packed into other securities, already foreclosed on or didn't exist. TBW, Colonial and Ocala all eventually closed in 2009. Farkas faces a possible life sentence after being convicted in April.

According to the SEC filing, the proposed settlement amounts to roughly $1 billion but would only pay out $45 million to Freddie.

"This estimate is based on the plan of liquidation and disclosure statement filed with the court by TBW, which indicates that general unsecured creditors are likely to receive a distribution of 3.3 to 4.4 cents on the dollar," according to the filing.

Freddie did say it would be entitled to roughly $203 million on deposit in certain TBW bank accounts relating to its mortgages. It already received $150 million of it from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. as part of the Colonial Bank failure.

As part of the settlement, Freddie will also be able to sell TBW mortgage servicing rights, subject to a $185 million minimum net sales price. Some of the proceeds will go to other parties with interests in the MSRs.

But the settlement also requires Freddie to pay $61 million to TBW creditors to satisfy their "potential claims" against the government-sponsored enterprise.

Freddie estimates its uncompensated loss exposure to TBW to be roughly $690 million, and the ultimate losses could exceed this amount. Most of the exposure stems from outstanding repurchase claims, which Freddie already adjusted for in its financial statements.

"If the settlement is approved by the court, we will recognize the difference between amounts we would pay to TBW and other creditors and the liability recorded on our balance sheet as a gain," Freddie said.

Freddie expects this gain to come in at less than $250 million.

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Wednesday, June 22, 2011

Bernanke says home price stabilization necessary to woo buyers

-Housingwire

Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke said home price stabilization and a faster foreclosure process are needed to restore confidence in housing, unleashing a recovery in the sector.

He also said the central bank expects the unemployment rate to slip to 8.6% by the latter part of 2011 and decrease to 7.5% by 2013.

High unemployment continues to weigh down the economy and remains a significant contributor to the stalled housing recovery, Bernanke said Wednesday in the Fed's second press conference following a committee meeting.

Despite projecting the economic recovery will pick up in coming quarters, Bernanke told reporters the economy is expected to grow at a slower pace than the Fed originally projected.

He is advocating for congressional budget cuts that will occur over a longer, 10-year period as opposed to rapid budget reductions currently in play that could derail attempts to achieve maximum employment growth before a full recovery is reached.

Bernanke, who continues to balance inflationary concerns against unemployment gains, said the inflation rate, which picked up in recent months, is expected to eventually fall back to a level of 2% or lower by 2012.

He told reporters the Fed has not taken any action as far as additional asset purchases, but said that would be a committee decision at a later date.

When asked about the risk Greece poses to the overall financial system, Bernanke said the banks that U.S. regulators oversee are not significantly exposed to the European countries facing debt crises. While he did note a direct tie to other European countries, Bernanke said, "We have asked the banks to do a stress test, looking at their positions and hedges and the effect on their capital if Greece defaults, and the answer is the effects would be very small."

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Tuesday, June 21, 2011

Appraisal District Packed On Protest Deadline Day

-MSNBC

Lines of people are waiting and hoping that they can fight to get their property appraisals lowered at the downtown Appraisal District.

Today was the deadline to protest your appraisal.

Norma Holder said, "You can't triple like that you know, nobody can come up with money like that."

Once a year the Appraisal District sets the value of your property.

The higher the value, the more you pay in taxes.

So most of the folks in line today are trying to get their property values lowered because they claim the dollar amount unfairly went up.

Holder said, "I think more people need to come down here because if everyone comes, we can bombard them and we can lower those taxes."

The reporter asked, "How much did you get yours lowered?"

Holder said, "About $20,000."

This year more than 4,000 people formally protested.

That's about 3% of county homeowners.

Some people waited in line for a couple of hours to protest their property values today but others decided to take a free pass and come back later so they didn't have to wait.

Appraisers only gave passes to people in line who couldn't stick around Monday so, they'll come back later this week armed with anything that helps to prove their case.

Jenny Walter said, "So I brought my pictures. I did my homework and I'm here to protest and I have a hearing on Friday if I don't get satisfaction today."

Unfortunately, if you didn't meet Monday's deadline, you're stuck with the property value the Appraisal District set for you.

Nueces County officials say each appraisal review is done fairly and as accurately as possible.

However, appraisers say they do rely on homeowners to speak out about any problems since they know their property best.

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Dollar Weakens as Stocks Advance Before Federal Reserve Meeting

-Bloomberg

The dollar fell against the majority of its most-traded counterparts as stocks and commodities rose, reducing demand for a refuge as the Federal Reserve begins a two-day policy meeting.

The greenback weakened to the lowest versus the euro in almost a week. The shared currency rose as European leaders said a Greek default can be avoided amid speculation Prime Minister George Papandreou will win a confidence vote today. China’s yuan traded at almost a 17-year high on speculation policy makers will tolerate appreciation to tame inflation.

“Some of the fears of broader global, economic and financial disruption as a result of a Greek default are priced out a little bit, and market participants are tiptoeing back into risk,” said Stephen Gallo, head of market analysis at Schneider Foreign Exchange in London. “Bond yields are up, equities are doing relatively well and commodities are generally higher, so that has been weighing on the dollar broadly.”

The dollar depreciated 0.5 percent to $1.4380 per euro at 10:54 a.m. in New York after reaching $1.4389, the weakest since June 15. The U.S. currency slipped 0.2 percent to 80.12 yen, from 80.25 yesterday. The euro was 0.4 percent stronger at 115.22 yen.

“The play leading into the confidence vote has been to buy euros; the yes vote is priced in now,” Gallo said.

Home Sales Fall

The greenback remained weaker versus most peers as National Association of Realtors data showed sales of existing homes in the U.S. decreased in May to the lowest level in six months. Treasuries fell, sending the benchmark 10-year note yield up four basis points, or 0.04 percentage point, to 2.99 percent.

All 87 economists in a Bloomberg News survey forecast the Federal Open Market Committee will keep the benchmark interest rate at zero to 0.25 percent tomorrow, where it’s been since December 2008. Futures show the likelihood the central bank will increase its target rate by March 2012 dropped to 21 percent from 30 percent a month ago.

The Dollar Index, which IntercontinentalExchange Inc. uses to track the greenback against the currencies of six major U.S. trading partners, fell 0.5 percent to 74.679 and touched 74.652, the lowest level since June 15, from 75.029.

Purchases of existing U.S. homes fell 3.8 percent to a 4.81 million annual pace last month, in line with estimates, according to the realtors association.

Fed Vice Chairman Janet Yellen said June 9 that a “long, drawn-out recovery” was likely for the U.S. housing market. “For its part, the Federal Reserve will continue to use its policy tools to support the economic recovery,” she said.

Stocks, Commodities

The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index gained 1 percent, and the MSCI World Index climbed 1.4 percent. The S&P GSCI Index of commodities increased for the first time in five days, gaining 0.6 percent.

Investors expect the Fed to add 13 basis points to its benchmark rate in the next 12 months according to a Credit Suisse Group AG index based on overnight swaps. A separate survey shows an expected six basis-point cut to the 4.75 percent rate in Australia.

Australia’s dollar declined after the nation’s central bank said domestic data had not added “any urgency” to the need for policy adjustment and it may be “prudent” to keep rates unchanged, according to minutes released today of a June 7 policy meeting.

The Aussie fell 0.3 percent against the euro to A$1.3552. It gained 0.2 percent versus the greenback to $1.0605.

Papandreou Vote

The euro rose versus most major currencies as Greece’s Papandreou seeks to secure multiparty support for his government’s austerity measures, a condition for receiving aid needed to avoid a default. He called for the confidence vote last week after opposition parties rejected pleas for national consensus and the prime minister’s handling of the crisis led to defections from his party.

Greece needs parliamentary approval of a 78 billion-euro ($112 billion) package of budget cuts and asset sales to ensure the payment of a fifth loan under last year’s 110 billion-euro bailout.

The Swiss franc slipped versus the shared currency, losing 0.1 percent to 1.2121, from 1.2106 yesterday. It touched a record high of 1.1947 on June 16.

The euro’s gains were capped after a report today showed investor confidence in Germany, data that aims to predict developments six months in advance, slumped to the lowest in 2 1/2 years this month.

Pound Declines

The pound weakened 0.4 percent to 88.61 pence per euro and rose 0.1 percent to $1.6220 as Bank of England Markets Director Paul Fisher said further bond purchases to stimulate the economy are possible.

The People’s Bank of China set the yuan’s reference rate stronger for a third day, and the currency gained as much as 0.2 percent to 6.4649 per dollar, compared with 6.4636 on June 17. China is likely to continue to raise its banks’ reserve- requirement ratios to curb inflation, Market News International reported yesterday, citing an unidentified person closer to the National Development and Reform Commission.

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